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三顾茅庐

Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage

Reading level: Beginner

In 207, with no adviser to match his rivals, Liu Bei travelled to a quiet village in Longzhong three times to ask a young recluse named Zhuge Liang for help. A graded Chinese retelling of the story behind the idiom 三顾茅庐.

一千八百多年前,中国正处在汉朝的末年。天下很乱,很多军队互相打仗。

刘备也是一支军队的首领。他想帮助汉朝恢复秩序,可是他身边没有一个特别聪明的谋士。

那时刘备住在荆州的新野,地方很小,兵也不多。他常常想:谁能帮我出主意呢?

有一个叫徐庶的人告诉他:“隆中有一位年轻人,叫诸葛亮。他非常聪明,大家都叫他‘卧龙’。”

刘备听了很高兴,马上带着礼物去隆中拜访。第一次,诸葛亮不在家;过了一些日子,他又去了第二次,还是没有见到。

刘备的手下有点不耐烦了。刘备却说:“请一个有本事的人,一定要有诚意,也要有耐心。”

不久,刘备第三次来到隆中。这一次,诸葛亮在家。两个人坐下来,谈了很久。

诸葛亮告诉刘备:先守住荆州和益州,再和东边的孙权联合,一起对付北方的曹操,等待机会。刘备听了非常佩服。

诸葛亮答应出山帮助刘备。后来,人们用“三顾茅庐”这个成语,形容真心诚意、一次又一次地请有才能的人。

Sources

  • Records of the Three Kingdoms (三国志 · 诸葛亮传), by Chen Shou, 3rd century — Principal source for Liu Bei’s three visits, the Longzhong analysis and Zhuge Liang’s decision to serve; a public-domain classical text.
  • Memorial on Dispatching the Army (出师表), attributed to Zhuge Liang, 227; with Records of the Three Kingdoms · Biography of the Former Lord (三国志 · 先主传) — The memorial recalls the visits in Zhuge Liang’s own voice; the Former Lord’s biography supplies the surrounding campaign history. Both are public-domain classical texts.

History and legend

The visits are attested in Chen Shou’s Records of the Three Kingdoms, which says that Liu Bei went to Zhuge Liang “three times before meeting him” (凡三往,乃见); the Longzhong analysis and Zhuge Liang’s agreement to serve are recorded in the same chapter. Zhuge Liang’s Memorial on Dispatching the Army (227) looks back on “three visits to my thatched cottage”, so the core of the story is early and well sourced. Later tradition — above all the Ming novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms — added the snowstorm, the sleeping scholar and the grumbling sworn brothers, and the four-character idiom 三顾茅庐 was fixed by later usage. The Chinese retelling and English translation on this page are our own.